International Journal of Business & Economic Development

(IJBED)

Volume 2 Number 1

Social Legitimacy and Sustainability: T and Sustainability: The Public’s Mandate for Business Going Forward

Ernest H. Hall, Jr., Jooh Lee 

re being called into question. No longer is the age-old adage of efficiency leads to profitability a certainty; in fact, it just might be a recipe for disaster, given the social justice barometer currently facing business. So, what new concoction holds the secret recipe for success in today’s new business world? The answer, in just a few ocial legitimacy and sustainability. The value of sustainability as a strategic asset and it changing or so it appears. Traditional business ways and practices old adage of efficiency leads to profitability a certainty; in arometer currently facing business. So, what e answer, in just a few ocial legitimacy and sustainability. The value of sustainability as a strategic asset and its impact on a firm’s survival is the subject of this research treatise. Results suggest that sustainability has become a crucial The foundation principles of business are are being called into question. No longer is the age fact, it just might be a recipe for disaster, given the social justice b new concoction holds the secret recipe for success in today’s new business world? Th words: Social legitimacy and sustainability. The value of sustainability as a strategic asset and it firm’s survival is the subject of this research treatise. Results suggest that sustainability has become a crucial strategic factor that can no longer be ignored.

Structural Change, Macroeconomic Crises and the Long Run Economic Performance of Structural Change, Macroeconomic Crises and the Long Run Economic Performance of Output and Growth in the Us and Mexico

Alejandro Rodriguez-Arana

Dickey and Fuller (1979). Using the Bai the debt crisis of the eighties in México was followed by a poor performance of output and growth in this country. Instead, we did not find evidence to support that other crises, like the one in 1995, changed the long run performance of output in México. Another finding is that the 2008 cris the long growth of the US significantly, but it worsened the long run performance of the level of output. Given the strong relation that México has with the US, output in México also suffered a permanent loss. We estimate two recursive equations of growth for the US and México of the kind of those initially proposed by Dickey and Fuller (1979). Using the Bai-Perron´s (1998) method of endogenous structural breaks, we find that éxico was followed by a poor performance of output and growth in this country. Instead, we did not find evidence to support that other crises, like the one in 1995, changed the long run performance of output in México. Another finding is that the 2008 crisis in the developed world did not change the long growth of the US significantly, but it worsened the long run performance of the level of output. Given the strong relation that México has with the US, output in México also suffered a permanent loss. country. Instead, we did not find evidence to support that other crises, like the one in 1995, changed the long run is in the developed world did not change the long growth of the US significantly, but it worsened the long run performance of the level of output. Given the strong relation that México has with the US, output in México also suffered a permanent loss.

Japan’s Software Industry and Development Methods

Mita Takahashi

Many academic papers have discussed the lack of international competitiveness of Japan’s software industry. Those papers showed some reasons of the lack of international competitiveness, but didn’t show why those reasons occurred. This article examines Many academic papers have discussed the lack of international competitiveness of Japan’s software industry. Those papers showed some reasons of the lack of international competitiveness, but didn’t show why those reasons occurred. This article examines those academic papers, and analyzes the reasons why the Japanese software industry lacks international competitiveness. This analysis shows that the multi Many academic papers have discussed the lack of international competitiveness of Japan’s software industry. Those papers showed some reasons of the lack of international competitiveness, but didn’t show why those those academic papers, and analyzes the reasons why the Japanese -subcontracting system many Japanese firms still use the waterfall model. Plenty of Japanese software firms use the waterfall model not for efficiency. Development projects using the waterfall model have various problems including the delay in development period, increase in st, and lack of few functions of the software being developed. Finally, this article proposes some ways to software industry lacks international competitiveness. This analysis shows that the multi prevents the Japanese firms from adopting new development methods. As a result, the waterfall model. Plenty of Japanese software firms use the waterfall model not for efficiency. Development projects using the waterfall model have various problems including the delay in development period, increase in cost, and lack of few functions of the software being developed. Finally, this article proposes some ways to promote the use of new development methods in Japan. prevents the Japanese firms from adopting new development methods. As a result, many Japanese firms still use the waterfall model. Plenty of Japanese software firms use the waterfall model not for efficiency. Development projects using the waterfall model have various problems including the delay in development period, increase in st, and lack of few functions of the software being developed. Finally, this article proposes some ways to promote the use of new development methods in Japan.

Managing the Mind, Body, and Soul—Closing the Gap between Managers and Young Employees with Anxiety Disorders

Mita Takahashi

ounger generational cohorts are entering the workforce with much higher rates than their predecessors. Academic stress, anxiety, and depression are a major cause of concern among college students. The 2019 Center for Collegiate Mental Health reported that anxiety is one of the most common diagnosis of students seeking services at university counseling centers(1). In many cases, these young individuals have received special accommodations in primary, secondary and higher educational learning institutions. Classroom accommodations that support flexibility of reported mental illnesses than their predecessors. Academic stress, anxiety, and depression are a major cause of concern among college students. The 2019 Center for Collegiate Mental Health reported that anxiety is one of the most common tudents seeking services at university counseling centers(1). In many cases, these young individuals have received special accommodations in primary, secondary and higher educational learning institutions. may include additional time to complete assessments, small group classes, permission to record lectures and the ability to use technology in a learning environment. However, mandated educational accommodations for disabilities in Section 504 of the Rehabilitation Act do not transfer into the workplace. The workplace environment operates under different standards with less flexibility. In fact, educational institutions may be marginally preparing students with accommodations to operate in the panies required to adhere to Title I of the American Disabilities must only provide “reasonable group classes, permission to record lectures and the ability to use technology in a learning environment. However, mandated educational accommodations for disabilities in Section 504 of the Rehabil transfer into the workplace. The workplace environment operates under different standards with less flexibility. In fact, educational institutions may be marginally preparing students with accommodations to operate in the real world. Companies required to adhere to Title I of the American Disabilities must only provide “reasonable accommodations” for documented disabilities and the interpretation of what is reasonable is determined by management. Yet, many anxiety related disabilities are accommodations” for documented disabilities and the interpretation of what is reasonable is determined by undisclosed to management. Employees fear Younger generational cohorts are entering the workforce with much higher rates of reported mental illnesses than their predecessors. Academic stress, anxiety, and depression are a major cause of concern among college students. The 2019 Center for Collegiate Mental Health reported that anxiety is one of the most common tudents seeking services at university counseling centers(1). In many cases, these young individuals have received special accommodations in primary, secondary and higher educational learning institutions. Classroom accommodations that support flexibility may include additional time to complete assessments, small group classes, permission to record lectures and the ability to use technology in a learning environment. However, mandated educational accommodations for disabilities in Section 504 of the Rehabil transfer into the workplace. The workplace environment operates under different standards with less flexibility. In fact, educational institutions may be marginally preparing students with accommodations to operate in the panies required to adhere to Title I of the American Disabilities must only provide “reasonable accommodations” for documented disabilities and the interpretation of what is reasonable is determined by management. Yet, many anxiety related disabilities are undisclosed to management. Employees fear stigmatization and being shunned for sharing their conditions. In some cases, the anxiety could affect workplace mature termination if misunderstood. The lack of communication between employees and managers creates a “gap” leading to possible unemployment or discrimination suits. In fact, EEOC discrimination charges filed on behalf of employees who suffer from anxiety increased from 65 in 2006 to 371 in 2019. This increase leads one to believe that managers are not properly addressing employees’ mental health. Proper training and development opportunities in mental health related issues may curtail additional lawsuits imposed on organizations. To provide an inclusive workplace environment, managers must be proactive in assessing the holistic needs of employees including support for mental and emotional disabilities. This research contends that Generation Z will have higher expectations than previous cohorts for workplace o support anxiety, stress, autism, and other mental challenges. These expectations have implications for universities and management training programs designed to embrace the needs of individuals with mental health related issues. Greater attention is warranted on closing the existing gap between management and employees with anxiety related disorders.

Impact of Covid-19, Economic, Racial and Political Tensions on Chinese Student Pursuit of Education in US

Dr. Brian A. Swanson, Dr. Huan Wang, Jeremy Hughes 

Chinese international students account for a significant portion of the US higher education system. This impact is amplified by the fact that many of these students are paying higher out of state tuition costs that many universities rely on to meet their pecuniary needs. This past year has undergone significant changes in the area of China-US relations which could jeopardize the prior model used by US universities. This article examines four of the key political issues affecting the China-US relationship and measures the extent Chinese students are influenced by these factors when deciding to pursue education in the US. The four factors analyzed are the US Covid-19 situation, the China-US trade war, the social upheaval associated with the Black Lives Matter movement, and the most recent political tensions between the US and China. This study also compares results to research extrapolated from the same population a year earlier to assess any change over time. Key findings indicate that only about half as many students are willing to consider studying in the US and that Covid-19 seems to be the most influential factor in most student’s reasoning.

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